Essay : [Afghans Problem]
English Essay on "Afghans Problem"Afghans Problem
One man by the name of Mullah Umar who had graduated from a Deeni Madrsah, had fought against Russians and suffered many injuries. He was pained to see the brutalities being perpetrated by his countrymen on each other and wanted to stop this madness. He returned to his alma matter and appealed to his old friends and colleagues to help him in this new jihad. While agreeing with his views, most were reluctant to take up arms against these brigands. Only seven students or Taliban joined hands with Mullah Umar and promised to sacrifice even their lives for this cause. In their surprise raid, they took over the first check post leading to Kandhar. This is how the Taliban movement started. Taliban basically belong to Sunni Sect.
After the first successful raid more Taliban joined hands with Mullah Umar and the local population also supported and welcomed them. One check post after the other fell until they reached Kandhar. By then, many Taliban with the experience of operating tanks, helicopters and missiles had joined this movement spreading like wildfire throughout Afghanistan.
Mullah Umar is now known as Amirul Momineen and the Taliban control 26 out of 31 provinces. Their government is run by governor, in each province and guided by the Ulema and Majlise Shoora. Their rules are framed according to the Quran, Sunnat and Shariat. There are no VIPs among the Taliban and everybody is -equal in the eyes of the law. Some of their rules and punishments may be judged harsh by western standards but they seem to have achieved 'peace in the areas under their control. And in spite of mass unemployment and object poverty, the crime rate is almost negligible. One thief's hands have been amputated.
The Amirual Momineen's orders are implemented by the authorities and obeyed by the public without any exception. When the public was asked to surrender illegal arms. They voluntarily deposited their weapons within two days.(4essay.blogspot.com) Similar orders were passed by Mian Nawaz Sharif when he was Prime Minister, Begum Nasim Wali Khan openly flouted that order by declaring that arms are the Pathan's ornaments and nobody dare make them surrender these. Everyone knows how many lives have fallen victim to these 'ornaments'.
Poppy cultivation and. the role of heroin and cigarettes has been banned and no one is seen smoking in public. TV sets and alcohol drinks were destroyed and music on the radio is prohibited. Very old women are seen without burqa in Kandhar but no young women can step out of her house without being covered from top to toe. Even men are expected to wear a cap or turban outside .their houses and a beard, of course is mandatory.
People are willingly putting up these inconveniences because for the first time in many years their lives and property• were secure and the leaders and rulers are themselves practicing what they have preaching. Ministers and Governors are working without any pay and living like ordinary citizens without any pomp and ceremony. It is difficult to distinguish a governor from his driver. The Governor's House, where Dr. Najibullah's prestigious Buick still stands on flat tires, is being used by the present incumbent as his office. It is also used as a guest house for official visitors from other towns, 10 to 12 people sleeping in a room, the governor and everyone else served from the same' langar'.
Taliban sources deny the charge that they are receiving help from America or the Pakistan Government. They insist that the arms and ammunition they are using have been captured from the enemy. Judging from the austere life they are leading, they definitely seem short of money and resources. But they appear to be making an honest effort to restore peace and rebuild war-torn Afghanistan with or without foreign help. In spite of their strict Shariat Laws and other rules, infringing upon personal freedom, the general public is cooperating.
People do not seem overly disturbed about the Taliban system of justice and administration. May be because most Afghan men sported beards and the womenfolk observed 'purdah' long before the Taliban appeared. After all,. these part of their tradition and culture and do not conflict with the Afghan perception of Islam.
People living in areas on both sides of the Pak-Afghan border have many things in common: race, religion, language and culture. Since the beginning of the Russian-Afghan war, the border has really .become blurred and the two people, especially the Afghans, have been coming and going unchecked. It is feared that the Taliban will find many sympathizers this side of the border. And if our present leaders and rulers continue to enrich themselves at the cost of the nation, then the Talibans movement might just welcomed throughout Pakistan. The poorer section of the populace, in particular, may want a Taliban -style coup not so much for their pure Shariat Laws as for social justice and security of life and property.
The ideology of the Taliban is also unclear, to foreigners, beyond a commitment to inspiring Islamic rule. However, Sher Mahmood Stanikzai, the deputy foreign minister who has become the Taliban's main point of contact with the outside world, dismisses suggestion. "There is no such group as fundamentalists or moderates. We are all the some from top to bottom. There is no difference in our belief or in our way of doing".
Confusion about the Taliban's intent arose from the speed of their victory, which came as a surprise even to them. Now that the other Mujahideen groups have been routed from two-thirds of Afghanistan, they are unsure what to do. The Confusion is evident in the Taliban's dealings with international aid organizations in Kabul. The United Nations still cling to the hope that Taliban will be transferred by the task of administering Kabul.
In December, 1996 UN representatives said they had secured a promise from the Taliban that the ban on education for girls would be lifted when schools reopen in March, 1997.(4essay.blogspot.com) "It is happening, the windows have been opening in the last week or two," said Terry Pitzner of the UN high commissioner for refugees. "I think they are discouraging that Kabul is a different .culture and has had to be dealt differently".
However, Mr. Stanikzai was unbending, maintaining the Taliban could not be pressurized into lifting their ban on women's work or education. "We are living in this society. They are our nation, they are our people". "We know our problem better than I am not required to give a guarantee to the world. It is our own problem and our own business".
While talking to UN representative, Taliban spokes man repeated "that decisions on the rights of women and girls would have to be deferred until fighting in all Afghanistan had stopped".
Pakistan has been endeavoring to promote a peaceful settlement based on compromise and. consensus among the warring factions. However, ethnic and factional rivalries which have been exacerbated by increasing foreign involvement have prolonged the internecine conflict and even affected Islamabad’s relation with some of the other interested powers notably Iran and Russia.
Afghanistan's Taliban militia will soon send a high level delegation to Tehran for talks on Iran's support to its opponents and related matters. This has announced the Afghan Islamic Press (AlP) agency on 3rd January 1997. Taliban foreign minister Mullah Muhammad Ghaus will lead the delegation in the Taliban's first ever talks with the Iranians since it seized power in Kabul from Iran backed Afghan groups.
By an international scale, the war ravages in Afghanistan are horrendous. Up to one in 10 Afghans suffer from some physical disability or the other, including amputations of limbs, blindness, paralysis, e.tc. The emotional and physiological scars caused during the war, on people of all ages, remain incalculable. The rate of infant, child and maternal morality, which is quite preventable if medical facilities are available, is said to be the highest in the world.(4essay.blogspot.com) An estimated two million Afghans are forced to stay on in exile in Pakistan, Iran and other countries because of the continuing war and instability. Threat to human life as a result of the land mines left buried by the Soviet and later by Afghan warlords in areas under their occupation, is highest in the world with an estimated' 10 million mines unspecified and unspecified areas of the country still embedded in fertile and barren fields.
China, which had a border with Afghanistan of 76 Km, was scrupulously following a policy of non-interference while supporting UN efforts to promote a solution. The contiguous, Central Asia Republic (CAR), notably Tajikistan and Uzbekistan were backing their respective ethnic groups, led by Rabbani and Dostum respectively with Turkmenistan maintaining neutrality, while waiting for the dust to settle that its gas and oil pipeline projects through Afghanistan and Pakistan could be taken in hand.
While agreeing on the urgent necessity of restoring peace in Afghanistan some sort of international conference appears in dispensable, to bring together all the countries involved. Again the perceptions of various interested parties remain divergent. Pakistan advocates a moot confined to the countries that in mediate neighbors of Afghanistan, since if India were included as Iran would prefer, there would be every justification to enlarge the list to include Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Gulf countries. A larger group is unlikely to reach agreement. Perhaps the answer would be to hold a smaller meeting first, and seek the involvement of the five-permanent members of the Security Council, both to underwrite a settlement that would be durable, and to mobilize international financial and technical aid for the reconstruction of Afghanistan.
After the first successful raid more Taliban joined hands with Mullah Umar and the local population also supported and welcomed them. One check post after the other fell until they reached Kandhar. By then, many Taliban with the experience of operating tanks, helicopters and missiles had joined this movement spreading like wildfire throughout Afghanistan.
Mullah Umar is now known as Amirul Momineen and the Taliban control 26 out of 31 provinces. Their government is run by governor, in each province and guided by the Ulema and Majlise Shoora. Their rules are framed according to the Quran, Sunnat and Shariat. There are no VIPs among the Taliban and everybody is -equal in the eyes of the law. Some of their rules and punishments may be judged harsh by western standards but they seem to have achieved 'peace in the areas under their control. And in spite of mass unemployment and object poverty, the crime rate is almost negligible. One thief's hands have been amputated.
The Amirual Momineen's orders are implemented by the authorities and obeyed by the public without any exception. When the public was asked to surrender illegal arms. They voluntarily deposited their weapons within two days.(4essay.blogspot.com) Similar orders were passed by Mian Nawaz Sharif when he was Prime Minister, Begum Nasim Wali Khan openly flouted that order by declaring that arms are the Pathan's ornaments and nobody dare make them surrender these. Everyone knows how many lives have fallen victim to these 'ornaments'.
Poppy cultivation and. the role of heroin and cigarettes has been banned and no one is seen smoking in public. TV sets and alcohol drinks were destroyed and music on the radio is prohibited. Very old women are seen without burqa in Kandhar but no young women can step out of her house without being covered from top to toe. Even men are expected to wear a cap or turban outside .their houses and a beard, of course is mandatory.
People are willingly putting up these inconveniences because for the first time in many years their lives and property• were secure and the leaders and rulers are themselves practicing what they have preaching. Ministers and Governors are working without any pay and living like ordinary citizens without any pomp and ceremony. It is difficult to distinguish a governor from his driver. The Governor's House, where Dr. Najibullah's prestigious Buick still stands on flat tires, is being used by the present incumbent as his office. It is also used as a guest house for official visitors from other towns, 10 to 12 people sleeping in a room, the governor and everyone else served from the same' langar'.
Taliban sources deny the charge that they are receiving help from America or the Pakistan Government. They insist that the arms and ammunition they are using have been captured from the enemy. Judging from the austere life they are leading, they definitely seem short of money and resources. But they appear to be making an honest effort to restore peace and rebuild war-torn Afghanistan with or without foreign help. In spite of their strict Shariat Laws and other rules, infringing upon personal freedom, the general public is cooperating.
People do not seem overly disturbed about the Taliban system of justice and administration. May be because most Afghan men sported beards and the womenfolk observed 'purdah' long before the Taliban appeared. After all,. these part of their tradition and culture and do not conflict with the Afghan perception of Islam.
People living in areas on both sides of the Pak-Afghan border have many things in common: race, religion, language and culture. Since the beginning of the Russian-Afghan war, the border has really .become blurred and the two people, especially the Afghans, have been coming and going unchecked. It is feared that the Taliban will find many sympathizers this side of the border. And if our present leaders and rulers continue to enrich themselves at the cost of the nation, then the Talibans movement might just welcomed throughout Pakistan. The poorer section of the populace, in particular, may want a Taliban -style coup not so much for their pure Shariat Laws as for social justice and security of life and property.
The ideology of the Taliban is also unclear, to foreigners, beyond a commitment to inspiring Islamic rule. However, Sher Mahmood Stanikzai, the deputy foreign minister who has become the Taliban's main point of contact with the outside world, dismisses suggestion. "There is no such group as fundamentalists or moderates. We are all the some from top to bottom. There is no difference in our belief or in our way of doing".
Confusion about the Taliban's intent arose from the speed of their victory, which came as a surprise even to them. Now that the other Mujahideen groups have been routed from two-thirds of Afghanistan, they are unsure what to do. The Confusion is evident in the Taliban's dealings with international aid organizations in Kabul. The United Nations still cling to the hope that Taliban will be transferred by the task of administering Kabul.
In December, 1996 UN representatives said they had secured a promise from the Taliban that the ban on education for girls would be lifted when schools reopen in March, 1997.(4essay.blogspot.com) "It is happening, the windows have been opening in the last week or two," said Terry Pitzner of the UN high commissioner for refugees. "I think they are discouraging that Kabul is a different .culture and has had to be dealt differently".
However, Mr. Stanikzai was unbending, maintaining the Taliban could not be pressurized into lifting their ban on women's work or education. "We are living in this society. They are our nation, they are our people". "We know our problem better than I am not required to give a guarantee to the world. It is our own problem and our own business".
While talking to UN representative, Taliban spokes man repeated "that decisions on the rights of women and girls would have to be deferred until fighting in all Afghanistan had stopped".
Pakistan has been endeavoring to promote a peaceful settlement based on compromise and. consensus among the warring factions. However, ethnic and factional rivalries which have been exacerbated by increasing foreign involvement have prolonged the internecine conflict and even affected Islamabad’s relation with some of the other interested powers notably Iran and Russia.
Afghanistan's Taliban militia will soon send a high level delegation to Tehran for talks on Iran's support to its opponents and related matters. This has announced the Afghan Islamic Press (AlP) agency on 3rd January 1997. Taliban foreign minister Mullah Muhammad Ghaus will lead the delegation in the Taliban's first ever talks with the Iranians since it seized power in Kabul from Iran backed Afghan groups.
By an international scale, the war ravages in Afghanistan are horrendous. Up to one in 10 Afghans suffer from some physical disability or the other, including amputations of limbs, blindness, paralysis, e.tc. The emotional and physiological scars caused during the war, on people of all ages, remain incalculable. The rate of infant, child and maternal morality, which is quite preventable if medical facilities are available, is said to be the highest in the world.(4essay.blogspot.com) An estimated two million Afghans are forced to stay on in exile in Pakistan, Iran and other countries because of the continuing war and instability. Threat to human life as a result of the land mines left buried by the Soviet and later by Afghan warlords in areas under their occupation, is highest in the world with an estimated' 10 million mines unspecified and unspecified areas of the country still embedded in fertile and barren fields.
China, which had a border with Afghanistan of 76 Km, was scrupulously following a policy of non-interference while supporting UN efforts to promote a solution. The contiguous, Central Asia Republic (CAR), notably Tajikistan and Uzbekistan were backing their respective ethnic groups, led by Rabbani and Dostum respectively with Turkmenistan maintaining neutrality, while waiting for the dust to settle that its gas and oil pipeline projects through Afghanistan and Pakistan could be taken in hand.
While agreeing on the urgent necessity of restoring peace in Afghanistan some sort of international conference appears in dispensable, to bring together all the countries involved. Again the perceptions of various interested parties remain divergent. Pakistan advocates a moot confined to the countries that in mediate neighbors of Afghanistan, since if India were included as Iran would prefer, there would be every justification to enlarge the list to include Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Gulf countries. A larger group is unlikely to reach agreement. Perhaps the answer would be to hold a smaller meeting first, and seek the involvement of the five-permanent members of the Security Council, both to underwrite a settlement that would be durable, and to mobilize international financial and technical aid for the reconstruction of Afghanistan.
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